Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term for two conditions (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) that are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Chronic diseases, such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease, can lead to anxiety and depression which can have a significant impact on productivity at work (presenteeism).

A recent study in Journal of Crohn's and Colitis reveals there was a significant percentage of IBD patients in remission suffering from anxiety or depression. Risk factors for these might be Chronic Diseases (CD), female gender, use of biological medications, long-standing and perianal disease. It was also associated with a sedentary lifestyle, lower presenteeism at work, and unemployment.

Study Overview

The study was a multicentre study whereby adult IBD patients, in clinical remission, were asked to answer an anonymous questionnaire. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS), Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6), and Godin exercise score were also collected. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression/anxiety, presenteeism, and exercise levels amongst IBD patients.

Results

• A total of 585 patients were recruited. The majority had Crohn's disease (CD, 62.2%) and were male (53.0%), with a median age of 39 years (IQR 30-49).
• A psychiatric diagnosis was present in 10.8% of patients prior to their IBD diagnosis. A further 14.2% of patients were diagnosed post IBD diagnosis, this being commoner in CD patients (41.6% of CD, p<0.01).
• A raised HADS-anxiety or a HADS-depression score ≥8 was present in 46.1% of patients, with 27.4% having a score ≥11. Low presenteeism at work was present in 34.0%.
• Patients diagnosed with depression/anxiety had a more sedentary lifestyle (p<0.01), lower presenteeism at work (p<0.01), and a higher rate of unemployment (p<0.01).

Conclusion

Researchers concluded that "A significant percentage of IBD patients in remission suffer from anxiety and/or depression. Risk factors for these are CD, female gender, use of biological medications, long-standing and perianal disease. Depression/anxiety was associated with a sedentary lifestyle, lower presenteeism at work, and unemployment. The use of validated screening tools and appropriate referrals to psychologists and/or psychiatrists should be employed within IBD clinics."

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac037