According to recent research, it has been found out that the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of Gleason grade group progression in men on active surveillance, as published in the American Cancer Society Journal.
The Mediterranean diet (MD) may be beneficial for men with localized prostate cancer (PCa) on active surveillance (AS) because of its anti‐inflammatory, antilipidemic, and chemopreventive properties.
Hence, Justin R. Gregg and associates from the Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas conducted this study to prospectively investigate the adherence to the MD with Gleason score progression and explored associations by diabetes status, statin use, and other factors.
The authors assessed a total of 410 men with newly diagnosed PCa on an AS protocol and the MD score was calculated across 9 energy‐adjusted food groups. Cox proportional hazards models were fit to evaluate multivariable‐adjusted associations of the MD score with progression‐free survival; progression was defined as an increase in the Gleason grade group (GG) score over a biennial monitoring regimen. In this cohort, 15% of the men were diabetic, 44% of the men used statins, and 76 men progressed
The key findings were-
a. Higher adherence to the MD was associated with a lower risk of GG progression among all men (hazard ratio [HR] per 1‐unit increase in MD score, 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77‐1.01), non‐White men (HR per 1‐unit increase in MD score, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.45‐0.92; P for interaction = .07), and men without diabetes (HR per 1‐unit increase in MD score, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.71‐0.96; P for interaction = .03).
b. When joint effects of the MD score and statin use were examined, a similar risk reduction was observed among men with high MD scores who did not use statins in comparison with men with low/moderate MD scores with no statin use.
Therefore, the authors concluded that "The MD is associated with a lower risk of GG progression in men on AS, and this is consistent with prior reports about the MD and reduced cancer morbidity and mortality."