Clindamycin Study on Bone Grafts

According to recent investigations, it is found that local administration of clindamycin (20 μg/mL) is effective for the decontamination of particulate bone graft, as published in the International Journal of Implant Dentistry.

Clindamycin in low concentration (20 μg/mL) is safe for the vitality and osteogenic potential of bone cells. Clindamycin is commonly used as a prophylactic antibiotic in maxillofacial surgery. It has excellent bone and soft-tissue penetration after single-dose administration.

According to the in vitro examinations on primary human osteoblasts (PHO) and cell lines after exposure to different antibiotics, and due to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of clindamycin, a solution consisting 20 μg/mL of clindamycin was recommended for local decontamination of the bone grafts.

Therefore, Hassan Mohajerani and colleagues from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak, Tehran, Iran carried out the present study with the sole aim to evaluate the efficacy of local clindamycin—qualitatively and quantitatively—for decontamination of collected particulate bone grafts, collected during implant site preparation.

The authors conducted a non-randomized parallel-group study on samples from 17 patients. The particulate bone collected during implant site preparation was divided into three portions by weight:

• In group S1, the particulate bone was immersed in thioglycolate broth without any antibiotic treatment.
• In group S2, the collected particulate bone was irrigated with 100 mL clindamycin solution (20 μg/mL).
• In group S3, the collected particulate bone was soaked in one ml clindamycin solution (20 μg/mL) for 3 min.

Samples in the three groups were cultured in aerobic and anaerobic media and species and CFU count of isolated bacteria were determined.

Findings

• Analysis of the data demonstrated a significant difference among the three groups in the mean count of total microorganisms (P = 0.001).
• The difference in the mean count of anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms in the three groups were statistically significant as well (P = 0.001).
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the only microorganism that was not affected with the mentioned antibiotic.

Therefore, the researchers concluded that "Local use of low-dose clindamycin (20 μg/mL)—irrigation or 3 min immersing—is effective for the decontamination of particulate bone grafts."