China: Study on FG/HDL-C Ratio and ACS

A recent study reveals that a higher ratio of fasting blood glucose to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (FG/HDL-C) is tied to a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and cardiovascular (CV) death in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. The study appears in the BMC journal Lipids in Health and Disease on 30 January 2022.

Biochemical markers are critical for determining risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD); however, there is no clarity on the relationship between FG/HDL-C ratio and short-term outcomes in ACS patients. Therefore, Xinqun Hu, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, and colleagues aimed to investigate the relationship between the FG/HDL-C ratio and short-term outcomes in ACS patients.

For this purpose, the researchers performed a post hoc analysis using data from a pragmatic, stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized clinical trial. 11,284 individuals with ACS were subdivided into quartiles in accordance with their FG/HDL-C ratios.

The relationship between the FG/HDL-C ratio and short-term outcomes (major adverse cardiovascular events [MACEs] and cardiovascular [CV] death within 30 days) was evaluated using a multivariate logistic regression model, two-piecewise linear regression model, and generalized additive model (GAM).

Main Findings of the Study

• The FG/HDL-C ratio was remarkably linked to an enhanced risk of MACEs and CV death in individuals with ACS in the highest quartile (MACEs, odds ratio [OR]: 1.49; CV death, OR: 1.69).
• The GAM suggested that the relationship between the FG/HDL-C ratio and MACEs and CV death was non-linear.
• The two-piecewise linear regression model demonstrated that the threshold values were 3.02 and 3.00 for MACEs and CV death, respectively.

"The study showed that FG/HDL-C ratio may be used as an accessible, convenient, and economical biomarker of short-term outcomes in ACS patients," the authors concluded. "Close attention should be paid to ACS patients undergoing CABG and those aged < 75 years with a high FG/HDL-C ratio."

Reference

Deng, S., Wang, Z., Zhang, Y. et al. Association of fasting blood glucose to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with short-term outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Lipids Health Dis 21, 17 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-021-01618-2