A recent study sheds light on the association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular health and revealed that individuals with incident COPD face a significantly heightened risk of severe cardiovascular (CV) events, especially following exacerbations. The findings were published in BMC Respiratory Research.
The comprehensive investigation included over 8,000 patients aged 40 and above with newly diagnosed COPD, scrutinized the occurrence of severe CV events or death in various time periods following moderate and severe exacerbations. Moderate exacerbations, managed in outpatient settings, and severe exacerbations, requiring hospitalization, were both associated with increased risks.
The results indicated that the risk of experiencing severe CV events or death was substantially elevated following exacerbations compared to stable periods. This risk peaked in the immediate days after an exacerbation, gradually decreasing but remaining heightened throughout the first year.
After a moderate exacerbation, the risk increased over the first 180 days, while after a severe exacerbation, the risk spiked dramatically and persisted at an elevated level throughout the year following the event. The types of severe CV events encompassed acute coronary syndrome, heart failure decompensation, cerebral ischemia, or arrhythmia.
These findings underscore the profound cardiopulmonary burden faced by individuals with COPD, even those with a recent diagnosis. The research suggests that managing exacerbations effectively is crucial not only for respiratory health but also for preventing severe CV events, thereby emphasizing the interconnected nature of respiratory and cardiovascular health. The insights gained pave the way for more targeted interventions and highlight the need for a comprehensive approach to care, recognizing and addressing the intricate relationship between respiratory health and cardiovascular outcomes.
Reference:
Swart, K. M. A., Baak, B. N., Lemmens, L., Penning-van Beest, F. J. A., Bengtsson, C., Lobier, M., Hoti, F., Vojinovic, D., van Burk, L., Rhodes, K., Garbe, E., Herings, R. M. C., Nordon, C., & Simons, S. O. (2023). Risk of cardiovascular events after an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from the EXACOS-CV cohort study using the PHARMO Data Network in the Netherlands. Respiratory Research, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-023-02601-4